Indications for D&C
Irregular bleeding: You may experience irregular bleeding from time to time, including spotting between periods. If the spotting develops into continuous midcycle bleeding, your doctor may perform a D&C to investigate the cause of bleeding. The endometrium lining tissue is sent to the laboratory for histopathological analysis.
Heavy vaginal bleeding: Bleeding with long, heavy periods, or bleeding after menopause, can signal a number of problems.
a) Fibroids and polyps: Fibroid are non-cancerous muscle growths that appear within the uterus or on its surface. Some of them grow on the wall of the uterus while others grow into the cavity of the uterus. When it enlarged, there will be heavy menses and severe pain. Polyps are fleshy tissues that grow from the uterine lining into the uterine cavity. Both the polyps and fibroids can cause irregular vagina bleeding. Hysteroscopy (a telescope inserted into the uterine cavity) can differentiate the two.
b) Endometrial cancer: D&C are commonly performed for woman above 40 years of age with abnormal vaginal bleeding to confirm cancer of the endometrium.
Therapeutic D&C: D&C is done for missed abortion or incomplete miscarriage. If the product of conceptus is left in the uterine cavity untreated, the woman will have heavy vaginal bleeding, infection will set in. The product of conceptus will prevent the uterus from contracting and it is a good medium for bacteria to grow. D&C is also done when there is retained product of conceptus after a normal delivery. The retained tissue in the uterine cavity will cause excessive bleeding which can be life threatening to the mother.
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